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1.Effects of Decades of Misgovernance, Violence and Foreign Military Interventions.
During the last thirty years our country has been under the crucibles of misgovernance, brutal and endless civil war violence, and interested foreign interventions which incrementally caused deep and rampant poverty. As a result of this our nation has been broken, lost its central government, fragmented, and our people are being either decimated or compelled to flee outside en mass to seek safe haven - an extermination process which, if not stopped, may result in that the Somali population will be mostly exterminated and the country empty and lost. These problems afflicting our nation emanate from negative accumulative effects from the following historical episodes.
1) The 1977-1978 Somali-Ethiopian war and related stoppage of cheap Soviet oil and military hardware and logistical supplies and huge numbers of scholarship grants;
2) The more repressive nature of the authoritarian regime and stifling grip on the socio-economic forces particularly from that period;
3) the economic and social pressure brought about by nearly a million ethnic and Oromo refugees from Ethiopia resulting from that war;
4) the imposition of IMF and World Bank conditional Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) on the Somali economy in the 1980s after its introduction the country’s situation was described ‘Somalia’s is one of the world’s poorest countries, with stagnating economy which is frequently close to collapse. Many of its people live at a level of absolute poverty.’(1);
5) The 1979-1990; costly civil war between the government and based armed opposition groups based in Ethiopia and frequent direct military confrontations the two countries ;
6) The 1991-12006 disintegration of the central government and break-out of the devastating and prolonged civil war;
7) The US led UN (UNISOM) 1992-1995 military intervention and its aftermath of isolating and neglecting Somalia by the international community;
8) The 2006 fighting between the CIA backed Somali warlords and the Islamic Courts; and
9) lastly the 2006-2008 US-backed socio-economically most devastating Ethiopian invasion and occupation of Somalia.. All these difficulty periods have had severely destructive and emboweling impacts on the socio-economic and political system of the country and have been incrementally creating social and territorial fragmentation, mass international displacement and refugees to the outside world, radicalization, poverty, ignorance, diseases, morbidity and early mortality.
